Find out more about self-funded PhD projects in areas where we already have supervisors active and engaged in the research topic in our School of Life Sciences.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Dr Helen Wheeler (AERG, Anglia Ruskin University)
Dr Rosalind Bryce (Centre for Mountain Studies, University of the Highlands and Islands)
Several other members of staff with interest in this subject area could be part of the team e.g. Dr Nikoleta Jones (Global Sustainability Institute, Anglia Ruskin University), Dr Dannielle Green (AERG, Anglia Ruskin University).
Conservation conflict, ecosystems, population ecology, social-ecological
Conservation conflicts are embedded within management and conservation of mountain hare populations in Scotland, as demonstrated by the amount of disagreement over mountain hare densities between stakeholders. This partially reflects the challenges of quantification of distribution and density, but also differing views concerning the role and acceptability of mountain hare for different stakeholders. To build trust in models of hare distribution and density across stakeholders it is important that data is considered salient, credible and legitimate and stakeholder conceptions of systems guide data collection.
In the Cairngorms, mountain hare populations occur in upland moorland and grasslands and are subject to hunting and culling. Land management has strong impacts on hare population densities; in proximity to grouse moorlands, densities have historically been high, associated with predator control and habitat management for grouse. However, recent severe declines in hare densities in proximity to grouse moors have been reported, and are thought to be linked to broad-scale culling of hares to prevent louping ill virus.
Stakeholder perceptions of mountain hare populations are dependent on the social and ecological context in which they are found. While high density mountain hare populations in proximity to grouse moors have been a particular concern for some stakeholders, lower density populations in less managed upland environments may cause less concern. Managing the complex nature of the conflict between stakeholders regarding this species requires that ecological understanding of hare ecological distribution and dynamics are embedded within a wider view of the social-ecological contexts in which the species occurs.
This project will take a spatially explicit approach to understand a) the drivers of mountain hare distribution and density, b) interactions of hare with other social and ecosystem components and c) the acceptability of different management and conservation actions to stakeholder groups. By combining rigorous ecological methodology with analysis of stakeholder attitudes and conceptions of systems, we will inform future management and conservation by mapping potential solutions for hare conservation and management based on population ecology and interactions with human interests. The project will:
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Several other members of Biology staff with interest in this subject area could be part of the team e.g., Dr Tom Ings, Dr Peter Brown and Dr Sarah Hart.
Global Change Ecology
Needingworth is an active gravel and sand extraction quarry site near St. Ives, Cambridgeshire run by the Hanson/Heidelberg Cement Group. Following the mineral extraction process the land is being restored to form what will be one of the UK’s largest reedbed system. This is occurring sequentially in a series of blocks, which are then to be given over to management by the RSPB. The main focus of the site has been wetlands and the birds that they support. However, as my recent Quarry Life project has shown, additional biodiversity rich habitat, particularly grassland, have been created. While the restored site clearly has importance for biodiversity, it would be very informative for the organisations directly involved, as well as local and national conservation organisations, and the wider community, to be able to quantify the contribution of the site to local biodiversity. In other words, what is the biodiversity footprint of the site? How much is biodiversity enhanced and is there a positive spill-over effect to areas adjacent to the site? The project would aim to measure the invertebrate and other biodiversity of the site and that of equivalent habitats in the surrounding landscape. The information collected, together with data published elsewhere, would be used to parameterise a landscape model that could be used to help inform decisions about future restoration.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Several other members of staff with interest in this subject area could be part of the team e.g. Dr Nikoleta Jones (Global Sustainability Institute), Dr Peter Brown (AERG), Dr Dannielle Green (AERG). This project is also likely to involve a number of external collaborators.
Environmental change, social-ecological systems
Global environmental change is creating some of the highest likelihood and most impactful risks to humans, and the species upon which they depend. This is intensely felt in arctic and northern environments, where rapid warming is driving biophysical and socio-ecological transformation. As the north transforms, we see a rapid expansion of stakeholders, the emergence of novel drivers of change and increased likelihood of new synergies and antagonisms between impacts of drivers of change. Where concurrent rapid changes in the environment and the stakeholder community occur, conflicts over resource use and conservation can be severe. In these contexts, there is a critical need for information to inform decision-making which is both accurate, and provides just outcomes for stakeholders.
PhD projects are available which explore the consequences of biases in research and monitoring for our understanding of social-ecological systems and decision-making outcomes. Enquiries are particularly welcomed from those interested in analysing these trends in the Arctic and alpine environments and that relate to wildlife and wildlife management but we are also happy to discuss interest in other regions and systems. There are opportunities for the use of both social science and natural science methods and we particularly encourage those who which to work in an interdisciplinary setting. There are also opportunities for both analysis-driven projects of existing data (spatial data and imagery) and for more field-based work.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Anthropogenic impacts
There is now so much plastic on our planet that microscopic plastic particles (‘microplastics’) are the most abundant form of solid waste on Earth. Global plastic production is ever increasing, having grown from 1.5 (in 1950) to 322 million tonnes in 2015 and, each year, at least 10% of this plastic ends up as litter in aquatic environments. The majority of the plastic found in the world’s oceans originates from land, transported to marine systems along river networks. Despite the fact that many freshwater environments, including rivers, lakes and canals, are heavily contaminated by plastic waste, research on plastic pollution in freshwaters is still in its infancy. Freshwater habitats such as wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes provide vital benefits and services such as drinking water, water for food production and habitats for aquatic life and birds. Understanding and reducing the risk that microplastics pose to freshwater ecosystems is, therefore, an urgent research priority.
This PhD project will:
The results of this project will generate essential novel data on the presence and effects of microplastic litter in freshwater habitats. Recommendations on monitoring/mitigation will be established to provide managers with important information for policy-making decisions.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Smart Cities
Land management decisions made at the planning stage and in terms of on-going site management are likely to have major impacts on biodiversity. Each decision has consequences at the local site level for biodiversity, particularly for plants and invertebrates, but in turn this affects animals higher in the food chain such as birds. Although we have some understanding of this, we need to learn more about how the combined effects of local management influences biodiversity at a whole town or city scale. This project will quantify the effect of planning and management decisions on invertebrate and other biodiversity at an urban landscape scale. It will use small-scale experiments, fieldwork and published data to parameterise urban landscape models, designed to inform authorities about options for biodiversity enhancement. Ultimately the research will contribute to the development of future urban areas with improved benefits for wildlife and people.
Small-scale invertebrate sampling will be carried out, together with wider-scale habitat mapping. Sampling data will be brought together, with that from the literature, to parameterise landscape models that will enable alternative management practices to be simulated. It will help to ask questions as to what effects local management decisions will make to the biodiversity of whole urban areas. This will represent a more advanced approach to the growing field of urban biodiversity, much of which has been largely observational.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Behavioural Ecology Research Group (BEEC)
Social behaviour
The common European cuttlefish has been extensively studied in captivity (Smith et al., 2013) yet we will know very little about their wild behaviour (Adamo, 2001). Boal (1996, 1997) showed in laboratory conditions that females use ‘mate choice’ copying (i.e. non-independent mate choice – Westneat et al., 2000) when making mate choice decisions, despite males competing directly for females, in theory preventing access by females to many males. Females are harassed and easily damaged which may explain why mate choice copying has evolved in this species (Westneat et al., 1999).
Females are polyandrous (Hanlon et al., 1999) and will often choose males exhibiting alternative mating tactics (e.g. sneaker female mimicking males) as seen in another species from the same genus (i.e. Sepia latimanus, Hanlon et al., 2005 and Sepia apama; Brown et al., 2012). Alternative mating tactics have recently been discovered in the focal species of this study and measuring the success rates of the various male strategies could reveal insights into how sexual selection operates in this group of cephalopods. Although seen in the wild, controlled aquarium experiments are lacking.
We have begun discussion with the MBA (Plymouth) for use of their aquarium facilities. We have an extensive array of field collaborators to provide guidance and assistance in any field work aspects.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Global Sustainability Institute (GSI)
Dr Helen Wheeler (AERG, Anglia Ruskin University)
Dr Nikoleta Jones (GSI, Anglia Ruskin University)
Dr Rosalind Bryce (Centre for Mountain Studies, University of the Highlands and Islands)
Wildlife management, conservation conflict
Globally rapid environmental change is one of the most substantial planetary risks to wildlife, and human societies. Rapid changes aggravate conflicts over resource use, land use and conservation, and create hard-to-solve decisions for managers and policy-makers. Managers face the challenge of following sustainable development principles and promoting biodiversity conservation, while considering the socio-economic context where decisions are implemented. There are a wide range of approaches, both from ecological and social sciences, that aim to collect and synthesise information in order to be incorporated in decision-making processes for conflict resolution. However, these approaches fail to combine ecological information with an in-depth understanding of the social dimensions of conflicts. The result is poor scientific understanding, poorly designed policies and discontent, disputes with stakeholders and social exclusion.
The proposed PhD will assess how different approaches in gathering information for decision-making affect stakeholders' attitudes and behaviours towards conflicts and propose ways that approaches can be combined and at the same time be more inclusive. In particular the PhD will explore in the context of existing approaches: a) People's attitudes toward decision-making and their level of participation; b) Rule breaking behaviour and c) Disputes concerning decisions. The PhD will also explore ways of combining different approaches to collect information to produce an inter-disciplinary decision-making framework that places social equity at its core.
The PhD will use a comparative approach focused on wildlife management activities in northern Scotland. Here, conflicts centre around protection of wild species such as mountain hares and birds of prey, and grazing species such as geese, management for hunting grouse and deer species, mitigating the effect of herbivory on landscapes and agricultural land and Rewilding. Conservation projects in the area generate conflict because of their significant social impacts such as restrictions on hunting, change in the use of agricultural land and forest areas but also because of differences in worldviews between the ethics of different management actions. Local socio-economic challenges, such as low levels of employment and low social mobility, also create additional barriers in managing such conflicts.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Global Sustainability Institute (GSI)
Dr Helen Wheeler (AERG)
Dr Nikoleta Jones (GSI)
Several other members of staff with interest in this subject area could be part of the team.
Rewilding
Rewilding projects create both opportunities and challenges for local communities and other stakeholders. The core goals of rewilding projects often focus on ecological outcomes related to restoring ecological processes. In addition to these core aims, a wide range of further aims have also become aligned with core rewilding objectives. Many conservation projects also have outcomes that are unintended, and these are likely to occur when undertaking rewilding. Aligned objectives and unintended outcomes have the potential to create a much broader range of impacts than core aims alone. Investigating the potential consequences of these core and aligned agendas will facilitate planning to promote positive impacts and mitigate risks of undesirable impacts.
This PhD will identify and explore the relationships between ecological and social core and aligned aims in rewilding and intended and unintended outcomes. The PhD will include analysis of the outcomes of rewilding perceived by different stakeholders in different socio-ecological contexts. The PhD will draw on the experience from conservation initiatives globally to assess potential impacts of core and aligned aims that we have identified. We seek a student interested in interdisciplinary research using both natural and social science methodologies.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Behavioural Ecology Research Group (BEEC)
Animal Communication
Vocal communication is fundamental to primate social behaviour. However, vocalisations vary extremely widely among primate taxa in terms of both acoustic parameters (e.g., call frequency) and the range of vocalisations different species produce (i.e., vocal repertoire). This project aims to develop a new framework to investigate the evolution of primate communication systems using interdisciplinary methods. Research will focus on two model taxa, howler monkeys (Alouatta) and colobine monkeys (Colobinae).
The project aims to: 1) describe the full variation in vocal anatomy among the study species; 2) describe the range of vocalisations produced by each species using bioacoustics methods; and 3) carry out playback experiments on selected species to understand the behavioural function of vocal signals.
The candidate will make significant advances in theoretical aspects of the evolution of animal signals, integrating statistical, field and laboratory analyses. This covers a range of expertise, including: spatial analyses, phylogenetic comparative methods, bioacoustics and anatomy/morphometrics.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Several other members of Biology staff with interest in this subject area could be part of the team e.g., Dr Peter Brown and Dr Sarah Hart.
Global Change Ecology
The National Pollinator Strategy was published by the UK Government in Nov 2014, in recognition of the important economic and biological role of pollinators (Defra, 2014). Broadly speaking, its aims are to increase public awareness and scientific knowledge of UK pollinators and to take action that will reverse recent declines in their populations. One particular focus of the strategy is to modify habitat management in both urban and rural areas, to provide better foraging and nesting resources for bees and other pollinators. However the insects that act as pollinators are only part of the wider invertebrate community. There are very many other species, with different ecological roles, including those that form the vitally important ecosystem services of decomposition and pest control. This project would set out to investigate the effects of implementing the National Pollinator Strategy on theses non-target invertebrates, and in particular focus on the ecosystem services they provide. It is likely that this national strategy is beneficial to wider groups but this ought to be measured, rather than assumed. Working with landowners and managers that are implementing pollinator friendly management, the biodiversity of other invertebrates will be measured. Experiments will be set out that test rates of decomposition and natural enemy (predation and parasitism) activity. The overall aim of the project would be to use the findings to provide feedback to the National Pollinator Strategy and if necessary to provide recommendations to modification of management practice to maintain support to for other invertebrates while maintaining its positive focus on pollinators.
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.
Applied Ecology Research Group (AERG)
Global Change Ecology
Global pollinator declines are a major issue that will affect us all through loss of pollination services essential for the maintenance of natural ecosystems and crop production. To predict and mitigate against further declines it is essential to gain a better understanding of how pollinators respond to environmental change. Climate change is leading to asynchrony between environmental cues (e.g. temperature and day length) making some unreliable for timing of key life history events like diapause – a specialized dormant state animals use to survive environmental stress. Our research has recently shown that one commercially important pollinator, the buff-tailed bumblebee, Bombus terretsris, has dramatically switched from a single generation per year, with new queens diapausing during the winter, to having a second winter generation in parts of the UK. This reflects behaviour seen in related populations in southern Europe. We thus need to assess behavioural plasticity in response to global change by focussing on the mechanisms that control key life history events. Diapause in temperate insects is mostly controlled by photoperiod (day length), but this has not been tested in bumblebees. Therefore, we propose to determine the genetic basis of diapause and the role of photoperiod in different populations of B. terrestris. This will help us to understand why bumblebees are active in winter and provide essential foundations for future research into pollinator responses to climate change. Outputs from this project are directly relevant to maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services such as pollination. Increased knowledge of the factors which determine diapause induction could also directly benefit bee breeders (e.g. Koppert and Biobest) by enabling them to increase the efficiency of their breeding programs and hence supply of pollinators. In addition, our study will benefit bee enthusiasts (e.g. members of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust and British Bee Keepers Association).
This project is self-funded.
Details of studentships for which funding is available are selected by a competitive process and are advertised on our jobs website as they become available.
If you wish to be considered for this project, you will need to apply for our Biology PhD. In the section of the application form entitled 'Outline research proposal', please quote the above title and include a research proposal.